The Importance Of A Well Protection Of Well During...

This section is an overview of the demands and tests associated with the integrity of well during production from and injection to a reservoir. The process begins after the well construction/well intervention organization has handed the well over to the production organization and concludes with a handover back to drilling and well organization for intervention, work-over or abandonment. Well integrity during this phase is used to keep hydrocarbons from the pay zone inside the well and by protecting it from leaking off to contaminating groundwater for environmental purposes. Well barriers are an envelope of one or several dependent barrier elements preventing fluids or gases from flowing unintentionally from the formation to the surface†¦show more content†¦These well barrier elements have to be tested and must meet the requirements and guidelines that will enable them carry out their demands. Demands are an event or a situation that needs functioning well barrier elements and they could be continuous or instantaneous. A continuous demand is the constant high temperature and pressure that a well barrier must be able to withstand to avoid burst or collapse while and instantaneous demand could be an emergency shutdown of the system from the platform. The importance of well integrity in the production phase cannot be undermined and it could be easily categorized in three phases, namely pre-production, in-production/operations and postproduction. Pre-Production This phase as the name implies, is the phase just before we start producing from the well and pumping up the hydrocarbons. This is also the phase when the completion personal hands over the well to the production crew. Well integrity in this phase is very critical because we have to check the well barriers and the well barrier elements and make sure they can handle the different types of demand prior to pumping the hydrocarbons out of the formation. Also important is the well barrier schematics and well barrier diagrams for the well and the necessary procedures to be taken should there be a well barrier failure . A well barrier schematic and well barrier

Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1047 Words

Karina Mousessian Ms. Stevenson English II Frankenstein Essay In Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley, the creation, made from scraps of corpses, was built by Victor Frankenstein, a man fascinated and obsessed with the knowledge of life. Following the creation’s rouse, Victor immediately abandons him with no desire on keeping or teaching his new being. Because of his lack of nourishment and direction â€Å"growing up†, the creation goes through a process of self-deception. He endures a period of deceit by believing that he is a normal human being like everyone around him. But as time progresses, he learns to accept how he is alone in this world and disconnected with everyone. Because of the creation’s lack of guidance and isolation, he grows up feeling unwanted. Living on his own with no direction on where to go, the creation acquires self-deception by viewing himself as a normal human being like the rest of society around him. As the creation is imagining what it would be like to be a part of the cottagers lives, he proclaimed, â€Å"I persuaded myself that when they should become acquainted with my admiration of their virtues, they would compassionate me and overlook my personal deformity,† (Shelley 133). When the creation mentions that, â€Å"they would compassionate me and overlook my personal deformity†, he is mindful of his monstrous appearance. Failing to understand that the cottagers would be frightened by his outward image, the creation unthinkingly assumes that they willShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 1800s Mary Shelley set pen to a paper and started to develop a novel that little to her knowledge would become world renowned. In 1818 she finished and publi shed the novel to sell to the European public. The novel caught the world off guard in the way that a female was able to write about such harsh, dark, and evil things in a European society whose authors like John Locke and Charles Montesquieu preached enlightenment, self exploration, and individualism all in an optimistic enablingRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1615 Words   |  7 Pagesa whole and how accurate a depiction they might think it to be, they will miss out on many of the qualities of the painting that reside below the immediately apparent surface level. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a text dedicated to expounding upon the dangers of such superficial analysis. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley openly condemns the surface level and appearance oriented methodology under which the human mind operates. The very protagonist of the novel is inspired solely by reputation and howRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1758 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein was published over 200 years ago. Ever since it was published, it has been one of the most famous books known to literature. History.com Staff states that this book, by 21-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, is frequently called the world’s first science fiction novel (History.com Staff). According to Wikipedia, Shelley was an English novelist. She was born August 30th, 1797. She died on February 1st, 1951 (Wikipedia). Shelley came up with the idea of Frankenstein as she andRead MoreBiblical Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1376 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature 16 November 2015 Biblical Analysis: Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley often refers to the bible on a number of occasions. However, it is worth noting that many references used by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein can often be identified in Genesis. Much like Genesis, the story of Frankenstein is a viable creation story. The book of Genesis first explains the creation of man and woman, and also recounts the fall of humanity. Unlike Genesis, Frankenstein begins with the fall of humanityRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And Frankenstein1410 Words   |  6 Pagescompassion and sympathy through the love of a person whom cares very deeply about them. In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, the three main characters Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein and Frankenstein (The Monster) are shown throughout the story, longing and in search for a companion. Throughout the story, the characters struggle with the battle of wanting either sympathy or compassion from a person or both. Mary Shelley shows the true indication of Human Nature by showing the importance of sympathy andRead MoreAnalysis of Mary Shelley ´s Frankenstein991 Words   |  4 Pagesalive. If it can learn, eventually speak, or came about because of another, it’s a person. The Creature of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is no exception. Victor’s creation needs nourishment, education, and morals, which should be provided by it’s creator, it’s parent, just like any other child. The way that needs of an individual are met shapes the outcome of their life. In her novel, Shelley demonstrates this impact that parents have on their child’s life through the contrasting upbringing of VictorRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1701 Words   |  7 Pages Frankenstein is a novel that is practically devoid of any female presence, yet author Mary Shelley pens a story that is lush with portrayals of feminine ideology. Throughout the course of this novel, the audience is introduced to three different female characters. The first is Elizabeth Lavenza— Victor Frankenstein’s wife. She is presented as a passive and weak woman who embodies the traditional role of women in the 19th century. Caroline Beaufort is present in the novel, but her role is limitedRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1038 Words   |  5 PagesAlexi Torres English III Dr. W.W. Allman December 1, 2015 Frankenstein In Mary Shelley’s, Frankenstein, she shows that good people can turn evil, but are not born this way. Humans being rude and isolating someone can make a person go insane and do things they are not proud of. Shelley shows this through the creature that Frankenstein creates and gives examples showing his evilness, but also shows that the creature tries to explain many times that he wants a friend and cannot find one becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1088 Words   |  5 PagesCreature’s Argument In the novel, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the Creature s only need is for a female companion, which he asks Victor Frankenstein his maker to create. Shelley shows the argument between the creature and Frankenstein. The creature says: I demand a creature of another sex, but as hideous as myself (Shelley 139). Shelley shows what the creature wants from Frankenstein and what his needs are. Shelley gives us an idea of the sympathy that Frankenstein might feel for the creature evenRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 843 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wretch Frankenstein is a novel written by English author Mary Shelley about a peculiar scientist named Victor Frankenstein. Victor, who is a scientist endeavoring to make history, engenders a monstrous but attentive creature in an eccentric scientific experiment. The monster that he engenders faces abnegation and fear from his creator and society. The monster is the worst kind of scientific experiment gone awry. The creature has compassion for society but additionally wants to take revenge on Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1047 Words â€Å"Frankenstein† 1. Explain a character s problem and then offer your character advice on how to solve his/her problem. Victor Frankenstein’s problem is that he is obsessed with preventing and reversing death. Though he succeeds in animating a body assembled from random pieces of various human beings, he is living in a fantasy world. From the very beginning of the monsters â€Å"life† death looms over Frankenstein as he witnesses’ person after person be killed at his creations hands. My advice is Frankenstein is to accept life while it lasts because once we are born there is only one thing we are assured and that is death. 2. Pick one character and explain why you would/would not like to have him/her as a friend. One character I would like†¦show more content†¦4. Describe and explain why you would/would not like to have lived in the time or place of the story. I think modern times are the only times where women and minorities have a chance to be more than just inferior beings. Even the author Mary Shelley initially did not include her name on the work of Frankenstein because she did not believe a book written by a woman would sell well. I prefer to live in a time where my intelligence is measured and respected regardless of my race, gender, and appearance. The way people who were different were treated not just in stories but in reality continues to appall me. 5. Explain how a character is acting and why you think the character is acting that way. The monster is acting irrationally. That is understandable considering the monster was â€Å"just born† and has no recollection of the norms or memories of the person whose brain it now holds inside its head. The monster behaves very much like a child, causing it to kill Frankenstein’s youngest brother William out of fear the young boy will tell his master on him. Having no one and having a master who refuses to tell people about it, the monster develops and learns in isolation making it even more volatile and prone to violence. 6. Why do you think the author wrote this story? Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein after meeting with friends to tell ghost stories. Three famous fictional monsters were

The Effect Of Cd44 Expression On Drug Resistance And Cell...

Ijeoma Unachukwu PI: Dr. Kyle Murphy Fall 2014 The Effect of CD44 Expression on Drug-Resistance and Cell Migration in the Zebra Fish Xenotransplant Model Abstract Introduction Xenotransplanting is an effective tool to look at the profileration and metastisi of cancer cells. Traditionally, xenotransplant experiments have been done in mice, but for this experient we used zebra fish. Xenotransplantation in mice can be timlely and costly and often times inefficient. Zebrafish on the other hand have can reproduce quicly and have similar systems to that of humans. One of the main benefits of using zebrafish a cancer xenotransplant model is that they do not develop an adaptive immune system until 14 days after post fertilization. This makes it possible for human cancer cells to survive when they are injected into the zebrafish embryos. (Evaluating human cancer cell metastasis in zebrafish Yong Teng, Xiayang Xie, Steven Walker, David T White, Jeff S Mumm and John K Cowell).Recent papers have already proven the similarities between human and zebrafish liver tumors at a molecular level. Also, studies have created carcinogen induced neoplasms that resemble human timo rs in zebra fish and they have metastasized. In every situation, human cancer cells and tissue have survived and proliferated in zebra fish provinf that it is a comparative tumor model. Not only can xenotransplanted zebrafish can support the normal development of the host and proliferation of transplanted human melanomaShow MoreRelatedA Study On Type 2 Diabetes Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagessolution. The best solution according to Dr. Leahy lays in understanding the mechanisms of insulin resistance and beta-cell function (3). With previous research suggesting that Insulin resistance may be caused by adipose tissue inflammation, Dr. Kodama from Stanford University School of Medicine and colleagues, set out to test these hypotheses. They started their research by using an expression-based genome-wide association study (eGWAS). This approach entitles using data from previously publishedRead MoreColorectal Cancer : The Third Most Common Cancer901 Words   |  4 Pagesrates. Conventional chemotherapy efficiently targets tumor bulk, however, a small subpopulation of cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), contribute to resistance to therapy, tumor regrowth and relapse. These CSCs have been shown to be responsible for the initiation and maintenance of tumors, as well as chemotherapeutic resistance and cancer recurrence. Accordingly, targeting this group of cells has become a major key to improve the treatment of CRC. Salinomycin is a polyether antibiotic usedRead MoreIs Cancer A Dangerous And Fatal Diseases?898 Words   |  4 Pagesproliferation of cells. Cancer cells’ survival, progression and metastasis are tightly associated with the cellular components. For example, when cells metastasizing, they use cell protrusion which provided by actin cytoskeleton to penetrate the extracellular matrix, they also secrete plasminogen activator to increase protease plasmin’s activity in order to penetrate the membrane. Then some of the tumor cells transfer to another tissue and form metastatic tumor. The specific functions of several cell structuresRead MoreCell Structures And Transporters Unit Assessment901 Words   |  4 PagesCell Structures and Transporters Unit Assessment Cancer is one of the most dangerous and fatal diseases, which is caused by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells. Cancer cells’ survival, progression and metastasis are tightly associated with the cellular components. For example, when cells metastasizing, they use cell protrusion which provided by the actin cytoskeleton to penetrate the extracellular matrix, they also secrete plasminogen activator to increase protease plasmin’s activity inRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Gi Cancer Resistance Networks3430 Words   |  14 Pagesfailure. GI cancer resistance networks are in part due to interactions between parallel signaling and aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) that collectively promote the development and survival of drug-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics. The lack of understanding of resistance networks associated with this subpopulation of cells as well as reductionist single protein/pa thway targeted approaches has rendered â€Å"effective drug design† a difficult

Perceived Value and Its Importance to Customers

Question: Discuss about thePerceived Value and Its Importance to Customers. Answer: Introduction In recent years it has been noticed that perceived value of a product by consumers is the most extensively used feature in marketing field. Customer perceived value is deliberated as the major key to sustain the trade and business, particularly when the competition is high in the market (Day 2009). Therefore, it has become crucial for leaders in marketing to understand its magnitudes and inspire and impact the behaviour and attitude of customer. This essay will discuss concept and theories related to brand perception and its impact on customers buying behaviour. The Nature of Perceived Value The concept of perceived value of some product means its comparison with perceived alternatives offering same uses but with a name of different brand, in other words it could be said that difference amid consumers evaluation of all the costs and benefits of some products offerings to its perceived alternatives (Sheth, Newman and Gross 2012). The price of goods and services is majorly affected by its perceived value by the customer and the price customer is willing to pay for it. An author Holbrook defined perceived value as Overall appraisal of some products utility by its consumer based on the perceptions of what the consumer and given and what he has received (Holbrook 2009). Given constituents here denoted to as the sacrificing through or by the customers in term of monetary or non-monetary elements while received components constitutes the benefits customers has received. And the another important factor value has been defined by Holbrook in 4 ways which are 1) what received for what given 2) quality received according to the price paid 3) Did customer got in the product what was desired and 4)value as low price (Sheth, Newman and Gross 2012). Understanding Concept of Perceived Value through a Brand Example Considering an example of very famous brand Adidas which has recently introduced a special category of shoes which is advertised by Michael Jordan who is extraordinary performer, these shoes has been specially designed for NBA players and has been named as Air Jordan. Conversely, a limited edition product has been announced by Air Jordan with a customized amount for the same Adidas is charging higher as compared to various different products. Finally, the customer perceived value in this example is, all the publicity about limited edition of Air Jordan and its line (Day 2009). Brand Equity Brand Equity is defined as the additional value endowed to goods and services. In other words it could be said as a set of liabilities and assets connected or associated to some brand or its products which detonates or enhance the service value of the product depending upon what the consumer has perceived. Brand equity defines the consumers thinking, feeling and act towards the product w.r.t they had perceived from its marketing and advertisements. It is very significant insubstantial asset which denotes financial and psychological value of the organization (Woodruff 2007). Brand equity enables the consumer to distinguish products of different brands i.e. which brand is better amongst his chosen. In other word it could be said as the influence of brand in the minds of companys potential consumers through their experience indirectly or directly (Marr 2008). Role of Perception in Consumer Behaviour and Marketing The buying behaviour of a customer is dramatically affected by the consumers perception about particular brand, business or its goods and services (Shettleworth 2010). This is the reason a large amount is spent over marketing and advertising, refining and enhancing the services provided to customers and all that is possible to make consumers perception in favour of the company. If planned carefully and executed it could help the business in getting favourable reviews and raise profitable consumer conducts (Parasuraman and Grewal 2010). Merchandisers apply perceptions of customers to determine the quality and demands of their product. It also helps them to develop innovative advertising and marketing policies which are directly intended to increase new consumers and retain the old ones (Thompson 2015). Customers directly make a comparison between quality and price of the product. They perceive that if the product is of high price, it should offer a quality which is also high and balance its rate (Parasuraman and Grewal 2010). If the value of a product is high and customer think of it as a low quality product then customer become cautious and think twice before buying. A customer wills to spend time to choose best under their specific circumstances such as money and other things and their degree of involvement is imperilled to their social, psychological and personal contexts which is why it is impossible to determine their extent of pursuit. In cases the perceived value of a purchased product is low, next time consumer becomes more impulsive while taking decisions. Customers perception towards a brand or business result in significant impression on the negative and positive reflection on sales and revenues, hence it is of utmost importance to the company and its environment (Parasuraman and Grewal 2010). Customers Perception Towards Dominos and its Impact In todays modern era, one of the fastest emerging food types is Fast Food. According to a survey conducted it was found that 85% of the population all over world likes to eat outdoors. Around 55% of the survey respondents felt that the advertising and marketing schemes of Dominos are effective while rest 45% feels they are not. 56% of the respondents recommended that company should introduce new products and more varieties, few advised that Dominos should lower down its prices as for some its very high, around 12% said quality needs to be improved and better promotion is needed (Li and Wearing 2014). More than 60% of the customers eating at Dominos are satisfied and only about 16% complained of dis-satisfaction (Kiel and Nicholson 2003). Others were confused about their opinion. Its impact on the organization is much understood and it has helped them to correct where they lacked. Getting review and understanding consumers perception about their organization they have planned a more aggressive marketing strategy to attract more consumers and retain the old one. They have introduced new varieties such as Burger Pizza which looks like a burger but tastes like a pizza and customers are giving great reviews to this innovative product. Dominos has also started offering discounts to its valuable customers by keeping their online records and attracting new by offering promotional discounts. The new product introduced by Dominos i.e. Burger Pizza has been kept at a very low price in all the countries and is affordable. Dominos has even worked at its quality and had tries best possible way s to enhance it (Li and Wearing 2014). This shows how the consumers perception towards the organization helped them to find out their weaknesses and the places where they are lacking and how they achieved their goal by improving their weaknesses. Hence, it is clearly understood from this, the importance of perception of customers towards an organization (Kiel and Nicholson 2003). Customers Perception Towards Lacoste and its Impact This brand is in the market since long and was introduced in the year 1923 by Rene Lacoste who is a legendary tennis player. Its a French brands for sportswear nut do not only deals with the people engaged in Tennis but all types of sports, and has made its presence all over the world. The brand has been assessed through several measures and it has been found that customers are not very happy with the brand and their perception is that the brand is now too old to survive. Thus Lacoste is experiencing a high fall in its revenues (Hooley, Saunders and Piercy 2014). Consumers think that Lacoste has lost its core values and what it means to stand for. It has been concluded from survey and customer reviews that the brand value of Lacoste has reduced to 66% along with a discount rate of 8.14%. Few of the customers revealed that they feel that the target market of Lacoste is improper and their positioning too (Ries and Trout 2011). The perception of the customers has impacted high to the company as they have already started focusing on its brand strategy. They now know where they are lacking and what needs to be improved. They have received the general idea of customers requirement through their perception review (Ries and Trout 2011). They are trying to reinforce their core value which is important and necessary for a successful comeback. They are coming up the plans to relocate their stores where it would be more feasible to attract public and generate revenues. They are even trying to avoid overexposure by being more selective in deciding their product range and distribution channels (Hooley, Saunders and Piercy 2014). References Day, GS (2009), Market driven strategy, Process of creating value (2nd ed.). New York: The Free Press. Holbrook, MB (2009), Customer value. A framework for analysis and research, London: Routlledge. Oh, H (2000), The effect of brand class, brand awareness, and price on customer value and behavioural intention, Journal of hospitality and Tourism Research, 24(2), 136162. Parasuraman, A and Grewal, D (2010), The impact of technology on the quality-value-loyalty chain: a research agend, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(1), 168174. Sheth, JN, Newman, BI and Gross, BL (2012), Why we buy what we buy: a theory of consumption values, Journal of Business research, 22, 159170. Woodruff, BR (2007), Customer value: the next source for competitive advantage, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(2), 139153. Kiel, GC and Nicholson, GJ (2003), Boards That Work: A New Guide for Directors. McGraw Hill, Sydney. Hooley, G, Saunders, J and Piercy, N (2014), Marketing Strategy and Competitive Positioning, Prentice Hall, London, pp 327-34. Ries, A and Trout, J (2011), Positioning, The Battle for your mind, McGraw-Hill, pp 145-54. Thompson, E (2015), Colour Vision: A Study in Cognitive Science and the Philosophy of Perception. Routledge Press. Marr, D (2008), Vision. A Computational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing of Visual Information, New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. Shettleworth, SJ (2010), Cognition, Evolution, and Behavior. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

How to Create a Writing Routine As a Freelance Writer

Its time to write. Youre a freelance writer, and this is your job. But, life gets in the way appointments, family, your other job and chores. How do you fit a writing routine into your day as a freelance writer? Ive been freelance writing for a few years now with twins and Ive developed a pitching process, writing process and now a writing routine so that I can maximize the time I have. If youre thinking about becoming a freelance writer, youll need some writing routine ideas and tips so that you have time to write for your clients and you can pick up more freelance writing jobs. But, first, lets understand why you need a routine for your writing. Why You Need a Writing Routine I dont know about you, but before I became a freelance writer, I wasnt really a writer. I didnt have a journalism degree, and I didnt write a book in my spare time either. In high school, I wrote a lot of poetry, and I enjoyed writing term papers in college. I learned over the years that writing was my creative outlet and passion. I expressed myself much better through writing than with talking. But, I didnt improve my skill as a writer at that time. The ONLY time I was able to improve my writing was when I became a freelance writer and blogger! Do you see the connection? When you write every day, you improve your writing. This is exercise for your mind.As a freelance writer, you need to flex those writing muscles and be able to transfer your skills to different niches in the beginning. Let me share something with you When you first start out as a freelance writer, you may pick up gigs that arent in your intended niche. This may be because you havent decided on a niche yet or you pitched to a variety of freelance writing jobs and the gig with a topic outside your niche decided to hire you. Thats ok. When I first started I wrote on a ton of different topics: Internet of Things Automotive industry Dentistry Working at home Productivity Health and food Virtual Effects industry I certainly wasnt credible in those niche topics, and I had no experience writing in those topics. But, as a freelance writer, you may have to transfer your skills as a general writer to a new niche. Thats why its important to develop not only a writing process but a routine so that you can write up these projects quickly and efficiently. Phases of Writing Process for Your Freelance Writing Job To begin a writing routine when you work at home, you need to look at the phases of your writing. For a client piece, you want to provide a full piece. This means having all the proper formatting and features in your article. Lets go through the writing process you should incorporate when you have to write something for your freelance writing client. 1. Idea Generation For some clients, you will have to come up with the ideas for a blog post or article. This is especially true when you start building your portfolio through guest posting. Its up to you to come up with relevant blog post topics for guest posts, your own blog and client pieces. So, how do you do this consistently and on a regular basis? Check out my video for tips to help create blog topics for your clients. Some popular places to get ideas are: Pinterest Other blogs Google For example, if your client is in the productivity niche for entrepreneurs, then you can think about ideas around that topic. For example, structuring your day or making sure you are mentally healthy are ideas that I can look on Google to see if its a viable topic (i.e. are other blogs talking about this topic or am I just way off?) As you can see, mental health is a HUGE topic on BIG sites like newspapers and Forbes. The idea is to look at the niche you are writing in and plug that in Pinterest or Google to get ideas. From there pick a subtopic and research that further. 2. Create an Outline Once you have decided on a blog topic for your freelance writing job, its time to create an outline. Some clients request an outline before you write the post. For me, I sometimes provide an outline to a client (even if they dont ask for it) as a way to assure if what Im writing is on the right track for the client. Its like a heads up for them! When creating an outline, you want to walk the reader through your post in a coherent way. What are the main subtopics of your topic? If we go back to our topic of mental health and entrepreneurs, I can look at the top posts from Google to see what others are writing about and incorporate that into my outline. I wouldnt copy the exact subheadings from a blog post, but I would look at several and generate my own ideas about the topic. 3. Write the Rough Draft Many writers tell you to just write the rough draft without hitting the backspace button. But, for me thats impossible. I cant live seeing grammar errors or spelling mistakes. So I will fix those as I write my rough draft and then when Im done, I walk away. I take a five-minute break or have lunch and then go back to my piece to re-read the full draft. You NEED to take that break for your piece to breathe, but more importantly, for you to disengage from your piece and switch your mind from it. Youll have a fresh pair of eyes when doing this. 4. Edit Your Post In the editing process, you may re-write certain sentences or phrases or add additional information to your piece. This is when I may decide to include another case study or pick a subtopic and break it down even more. This is a crucial component to your freelance writing clients project because they are looking to you to be the expert in writing. Its up to you to format the post appropriately, have a hook for their readers to want to read more and provide relevant and up-to-date information in your chosen niche topic. 5. Final Edit The final edit may incorporate an editing tool like Grammarly. I always run my content for my clients or for my own blogs through Grammarly. Its super easy to use and I use the desktop version. Grammarly gives you a score and breaks down grammar errors like spelling, clarity, vocabulary and more. I dont always use the suggestions Grammarly gives me as I want to inject my personality and my writing quirks, but I do rely on it for fixing most of my grammar errors. 6. Have a Proofreader This is optional, but its a good idea to get a second pair of eyes to read through your final edited piece. There will be errors you did not notice (or that Grammarly or whatever editing app you decide to use did not either) that your proofreader will. My husband has graciously been my proofreader for years. I also hired a copyeditor when I had a lot of projects in the digital marketing niche. This was a lifesaver for sure, but it came with an expense. If you are budgeting your freelance writing business, consider a family member or even another freelance writer. Email a new writer and swap pieces! Help each other out! 7. Submission This is the final step! Its time to submit your piece. There are several ways you can submit your piece to your client, so make sure you ask them the best way to submit your piece. Some clients want you to use Google Docs and share your piece with them. Others dont mind if you email it to them. My post on FreelancerFAQs gives you a breakdown of many ways to submit your piece! Writing Routine Ideas With the writing process out of the way, you need a routine that encompasses this process. In this list, find what works for you. 1. Brain Dump for Content Ideas For many people, a brain dump is the perfect writing routine! Get a notebook, bullet journal or use Trello to keep track of your content ideas as you brain dump. You can also create a swipe file (folder on your desk or a Google Sheet or Doc) with blog posts you enjoyed, lead magnets you found helpful and any content you see online. This can help spur more blog post ideas or content ideas for your freelance client. 2. Write Every Day Do what I do and commit to writing every day. This can help you discover your unique writing style. It is also helpful to keep your skills up to par! You dont have to write 1,000-word blog posts every day; instead, try writing: A Facebook post A Tweet on Twitter An email Your updated LinkedIn profile A freelance writing pitch A guest post A blog post A blog comment Your to-do list in your bullet journal Blog post headlines Pinterest pin description Introduction to a post The list is endless. The point is to write every day. Now that my twins are in school, I have more time to write. Im working on writing a blog post every day whether its for for a client or for me. This also helps me improve my typing speed. Im able to write over a thousand words in about an hour and take 20 minutes to proofread and create graphics to share on social media. Its part of my work day, and the more I do this, the faster I become! 3. Carve Out Time The easiest thing to start your writing routine is to find time to write! Carve out dedicated time to writeevery day! This may mean writing after work, writing only on Sunday afternoons, or writing before you go to work in the morning. Find what works for you! When I first started, I only could write during nap times or when my twins went to sleep for the night. Writing while they were awake or before they woke up was not good! 4. Find the Best Time to Write This goes hand-in-hand to carving out that time. Figure out your most optimal time to write. Since early morning for me was a gong show, I knew that I could write at night. But, now, that has changed. Over the years raising twins, Im pretty exhausted at night, so now I do my writing mid-morning. I consider it a success when I finish before lunch! 5. Train Your Mind for Work This is important. You dont want to squander your time with distractions on social media or phone calls. For me, I need music to switch my brain from mom mode to writer mode. I also have to have a workspace to make the transition easier for me. I have a work office, and I do all of my work here. Having these external prompts can help you train your mind. Once it hears the music you use for work, your brain will switch automatically! 6. Create a Working Outline of Your Content During the writing process, you create an outline, but sometimes that process may not benefit you or your writing style. Sometimes you just need a working outline. This means you have several projects on the go and you work on it every day. For many freelance writers, this is how they work. They may have 3 or 4 personal blog posts half written and 2 or 3 client pieces that arent finished yet. Personally, I do a bit of both. For my personal blogs, I do have several posts that are half-written or has aworking outline! For example, this post Im writing had a working outline for months. Im now getting to it and writing it for you! 7. Time Your Writing This can be a HUGE push and motivator for some people. Set a timer and time your writing. See how fast you write and work on improving that over time. This can set your writing routine off on a bang and you can boost your productivity quickly by doing this! There Ya Go! I hope this post will help you when you get your first writing gig and need to submit your first piece to your client! A writing routine for a writer is important for sure! Tell me in the comments your favorite way to find content ideas for your clients!

Central Dogma essays

Central Dogma essays Part of DNA sequence are transcribed into RNA A specific part of the cells DNA ntide sequence i.e. a gene is copied into an RNA nucleotide sequence. The info in RNA although in another chemical form is still essentially in same language as DNA. This is T. Both DNA and RNA are linear polymers of 4 different types of ntides subunits linked together via phosphodiester bonds. However RNA differs from DNA in that it contains ribose sugar and base uracil instead of thymine. Both U and T can hydrogen bond to adenine. Despite small differences, RNA and DNA are quite similar in overall structure, DNA being double stranded and RNA single and can therefore fold into a variety of shapes giving proteins. T gives RNA Complementary to one DNA strand. All RNA in cell is through DNA T. Steps include; 1.Opening and unwinding of small portion of DNA helix to expose bases on each DNA strand. 2. One of the two strands acts as templates for RNA molecules synthesis. 3. Like DNA replication, Ntide sequence for RNA is determined by complementary base pairing between incoming nucleotide and DNA template. Once a good match, incoming ribonucleotide is covalently linked to growing RNA chain in an enzymatic catalyzed reaction. RNA transcript is therefore elongated one nucleotide at a time and has a nucleotide sequence complementary to DNA. 1. Unlike a newly formed DNA strand, RNA strand doesnt remain Hydrogen bonded to DNA template strand. Instead, just behind region where ribonucleotides are being added, RNA chain is displaced and DNA helix re-forms. Therefore RNA molecules from T are released from DNA template as single strands. 2. Also, since they are copied from a limited region of DNA, RNA molecules are much shorter than DNA molecules. 3. DNA molecule in human chromosome can be made up to 250million nucleotides long, whereas most RNAs are no more than a few nucleotides long and even shorter. RNA polymerase p...

English Vowel Length Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

English Vowel Length - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that every individual has specific pronunciation peculiarities, for example, /s/ may be pronounced in a different manner. A phonologist may be interested in discussing peculiarities of different pronunciation types of /s/ in words where only one basic unit of this sound is met. Phonetician would be more interested in articulation peculiarities. Consequently, the phonological system of English consists of â€Å"number of phonemes which are used in this language and to how they are organized†. The English language has 12 pure vowel sounds which can differentiate word meanings. The following features differentiate vowels from consonants. Thus, from phonetic perspective vowels are produced via vocal configuration of the vocal tract: mouth is open and we can hear the sound created by air passing through the mouth (so-called audible friction). From a phonological perspective, vowels consist of sound system units which can take place in the m iddle of a syllable (e.g., rat, bad). A distinctive principle of vowels discussed in this paper is vowel length. Symbolically, length is symbolized by colon [:]. There are 5 relatively long and 7 relatively short vowels. It is possible to distinguish the length of vowels in accordance with the quantity and quality principles. Length variation is also presented in the following pair of sounds /ÉÅ":/ and /É™/. The former sound occurs only in stressed syllables in RP (bird, servant); the latter in unstressed ones (above, butter). This pair of sounds doesn’t produce a difference in meaning. Length of vowels can be explained not only by quantity features but also by quality (or place of articulation). There is a special name for long vowels, which is tense-lax. This group of vowels is formed by a tension of certain mouth muscles. They are: /i/, /e/, /u/, /o/, /É”/, /É‘/. In case when no tension is required, lax vowels appear:   /É ª/, /É›/, /à ¦/, /ÊŠ/, /ÊÅ'/. In order to illustrate what length of vowels actually means, it is possible to discuss tendencies on the following examples: same-Sam-psalm may be transcribed in the following way: [sem], [sà ¦m], [sÉ‘m]. In this example, it is possible to show that concepts of length and duration are different. A relative duration may be exemplified by showing length degree in the same vowel or consonant: allophone [i] in the words bee and beet has the different degree of lengths. With regard to the fact if this sound is voiced/voiceless, stopped/constituent degrees of length varies. From a phonetic perspective, degrees of length can be explained by speaker’s habits to speak slowly or quickly, emotional context of the situation of speaking and stress amount carried by syllable. Phoneticians realize difference of length degree and they depict it as follows: [bid], [bi ·d], [bi:d], or [bÉ ªid]. Still, in such a way, vowel length is depicted only approximately. If to depict the degree of length exactly, then phoneticians have to appeal to phonologists. Phonologic studies may prove many Americans, who underestimate the role of vowel length as the essential determinant factor of words distinction, that this phenomenon is very important in the scientific area. Unfortunately, very often vowel length is underestimated and is considered to have a stylistic value and not practical importance. For phonologists and phoneticians length of vowels is rather meaningful that’s why following consonants or unstressed syllables are all taken into account. For example, in a child [tÊÆ'aÉ ªld] the diphthong [aÉ ª] refers to norms of Old English [i:]; in the word children, the extra consonant [r] and the extra syllable caused the effect on a vowel to remain lax and short. Moreover, vowel length is usually defined in case an unstressed follows a stressed vowel and the latter is usually long (e.g. re-enact [ˈri: É™nà ¦kt]). On the other hand, if the unstressed vowel fol lows the stressed vowel, then it is short as a rule (e.g. react [riˈà ¦kt]).